Indian History (Ancient)

ANCIENT INDIA 

Pre-Historic  Preiod 

Palaeolithic Period

. Homo sapiens first appeared in the last of this phase.

. In this period, man barley barely managed to gather his food and lived on hunting.

. Palaeolithic period is divided into three phases.they are

1.lower palaeolithic 

2.Middle palaeolithic 

3.Upper palaeolithic 

Mesolithic  period  

.Domestication of animals (dog) began and characteristics tools used were called microliths.

.Bhimbetka in Madhya Pradesh, is known for ancient caves

depicting pictures of birds, animals, and humans. 

Neolithic period 

.Neolithic people knew about making fire.

Chalcolithic period 

.Use of copper and stone made tools.

.They practised agriculture, venerated mother Goddness and

worshipped the bull.

Indus Valley Civilisation 
.Indus Valley Civilisation is one of the four earliest Civilisation of the world. 
.According to radiocarbon dating, Indus Valley Civilisation spread from the year 2500-1750 BC.
.The Great Bath (Mohenjodaro) was used for religious bathing. There were changing rooms along side. No usuage of station. 
.Six granaries in a row were found in the citadel at hararppa.
. The towns were divided into 2 parts; Upper part or Citadel and Lower part. 
. Hararppa were ruled by a class of merchants as no evidence of weapons are found there.
.Produced wheat,barley,rai, peas,sesamum, rice and mustard. 
. Indus people first produced cotton as Greeks called it Sindon (derived from Sindh).
.Animals known were oxen, sheep, buffaloes, goats, pigs, elephants, dogs, cats, asses and camels. 
. Well-knit external and internal trade. Barter System was prevalent. 
. Occupation practiced were spinning,  weaving,  boat-making,  goldsmiths,  making pottery and seal-making.



Indus Valley Civilisation 

Site                                    Discovery/Finding

Hararppa  - Situated on river Ravi in 
Montgomery district of Punjab (Pakistan). It was excavated by Daya Ram Sahni in 1921-23. The Indus Civilisation is named after it as the Hararppa Civilisation. Stone dancing Natraja and Cemetery-37 have been found here.



Mohenjodaro -    Situated on river Indus in Larkana district of Sind (Pak). It was excavated by RD Babnerji in 1922. The main building includes the Great Bath,the Great Granary,the Collegiate Building and the Assembly Hall. The dancing girl made of bronze, has been found here.  Pashupati Mahadeva/proto Shiva seal; fragment of woven cotton. 
Vedic  period 

Jainism and buddhism 

Haryanka Dynasty 

Shishunaga Dynasty 

Banda Dynasty 

Mauryan Dynasty 

The Indo - Greeks

The Shakas 

The Kushans 

The Sunga Dynasty 

The Kanva Dynasty 

The Satavahanas 

The Pandays 

The Cholas 

The Cheras

Sangam Age

Gupta period 

Pushyabhuti Dynasty 

Rashtrakutas 

Gangas 

Pallavas 

The Cholas 

These are all after the Civilisation